Hand pump and power system for hydraulic motor



HAND PUMP AND POWER SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC MOTOR Filed June 14 1954 H. J.SHAFER May 7, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. 2

FIGQI INVENTOR. uomza J.- SHAFER ATTORNEYS y 7, 7 H; J. SHAFER HAND PUMPAND POWER SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC MOTOR Filed June 14, 1954 3 Shee ts-Sheet2 R NE NH m /Y v NS E I l N m m E n 3 W A H .G I. v. F. B

May 7, 1957 H. J. SHAFER HAND PUMP AND POWER SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC MOTQRFiled June 14, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR. HOMER J. SHAFE R BYATTORNEYS HAND PUMP AND POWER SYSTEM F OR HYDRAULIC MOTOR Homer J.Shatter, Mansfield, Ohio, assignor to Shafer Valve Company, Mansfield,Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application June 14, 1954, Serial No.436,407

7 Claims. (Cl. 60-51) The invention relates to tluid systems foroperating hydraulic motors having piston and cylinder means, and moreparticularly to a novel and improved control arrangement for a hydraulicmotor operating a valve selectively by means of a hand piston pump or bymeans of a separate source of power.

Valves used in transcontinental pipe lines are normally operatedautomatically by hydraulic operators controlled by a drop or variationpipe line pressure, as in the event of a pipe line failure. Theoperators may be powered by pipe line pressure or another source ofpressure. However, it is necessary to provide stand-by means formanually operating the valve when the power source has failed or is notavailable. Prior constructions have provided a hand wheel for operatingthe valve stem through suitable gearing, but since the pipe lines arefrequently 30 inches or more in diameter the manual operation of thevalve is very slow and laborious.

In certain prior arrangements the changeover from power to manualoperation or vice versa has required manipulation of several controlvalves involving substantial effort as well as a likelihood ofconfusion. Moreover, where the hydraulic motor operator employs a liquidreservoir system normally circulated by the power source to move thepiston of the operator, manual operation is very apt to cause the liquidsystem to be out of balance on a return to power operation resulting inair getting into the motor and interfering with its operation.

It is an important object of the present invention to provide a novelhydraulic valve'operator, control valve and hand pump arrangement forselectively operating the valve by hand. 1

Another object is to provide a novel single control for quickly andeasily changing from pressure power to hand power for operating thevalve operator.

A further object is to provide a novel control arrangement for ahydraulic valve operator actuated by a liquid reservoir system, wherebythe valve may interchangeably operate by pressure and hand power withoutaffecting the balance of liquid in the operator.

Another object is to provide a novel piston pump and control valvearrangement for a hydraulic motor operator connected to a liquidreservoir system which selectively allows free flow of the liquid underpressure through the operator and by-passes the pump in one position ofthe valve, and which directs flow of the liquid from the pump, throughthe operator in reverse directions in other positions of the valve. 1

. These and ancillary objects are accomplished by the parts,combinations and arrangements comprising the present invention, apreferred embodiment of which is illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings and described in detail herein. Various modifications andchanges in details of construction and arrangement are comprehendedwithin the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. v sY J By-way of example, the hydraulic motor of the valve operator shownin the drawingsis a rotary hydraulic 2,791,093 Patented May 7, 1957motor having a rotary piston or impeller vane, but the novel system isadapted to be applied to a hydraulic motor operator having areciprocable piston operatively connected to the stem of the valve.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the novel arrangement of hydraulicmotor operator, hand pump and multi-way control valve, with the controlvalve in position for pressure power operation of the motor;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the control valve in position tooperate the motor in one direction by means of the hand pump;

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the control valve in position tooperate the motor in the opposite direction by means of the hand pump;

Fig. 4 is a front elevation of a novel hand pump and control valve unit,the position of the valve corresponding to its position in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of said unit;

Fig. 6 is a plan sectional view on line 66, Fig. 5; and

Fig. 7 is a detached isometric view of the control valve: plug. 1

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the rotary hydraulic motor operator 10may be used to operate a rotary valve in a pipe line, in which case therotor 11 of the operator is keyed directly on the valve stem 12 and themotor is carried on a flange of the valve, in a well-known manner. Therotor is provided with diametrically opposite vanes 13 and 13' whichextend across the annular chamber between the rotor and the outercylindrical wall of the motor.

A pair of diametrically opposite stationary shoes or stops 14 and 14divides the annular chamber into two parts A and A and one vaneoscillates in each part between the shoes. The two parts of the chamberare preferably interconnected on opposite sides of the vanes bycross-over ports 15 and 15 extending through the rotor hub 11, so thatpressure is exerted on the reverse sides of opposite vanes to turn therotor with balanced torque in either direction. The conduits 16 and 16for circulating fluid to and from the motor chamber in reversedirections may be connected to the two parts A and A of the chamber onopposite sides of one of the shoes 14 as shown.

The construction and operation of the rotary hydraulic motor 10 isdescribed in detail in my copending applica tion Serial No. 333,496,filed January 27, 1953, now Patent No. 2,778,338, granted January 22,1957 and entitled Internal Fluid Shut Off for Hydraulic Motor.

The chambers A and A are substantially filled with oil, and oil issupplied through one of the conduits 16 or 16 from a tank or reservoircontaining oil, while oil is exhausted through the other conduit toanother tank which is substantially empty for receiving the oilexhausted. In Fig. 1 conduit 16 is connected to tank 17 through conduit17a and conduit 16' is connected to tank 17' through conduit 1%. Thetops of the two tanks are connected by conduits 18 and 18 respectivelyto a control valve 20 which controls a source of pressure power, such asgas under pressure from the pipe line, which is connected to the controlvalve 20 by a conduit 21.

The conduits 18 and 18are normally connected to the exhaust chamber 22of the control valve through the double-headed poppet valves 23 and 23when the control handle 24 is in neutral position as shown. When thehandle 24 is operated, manually or otherwise, in either direction, thepoppet valve which is actuated connects one of the conduits 18 or 18' tothe pressure supply line 21 and closes oil the exhaust connection, whilethe other'conduit remains connected to the atmosphere through exhaustport 25. I

Thus, if handle 24 is moved to actuate poppet 23, fluid pressure in line21 will flow into tank 17' and force oil into the motor through conduit16' to rotate the rotor in a clockwise direction and cause oil to beexhausted through conduit 16 and conduit 17a into tank 17. As the tank17 fills with oil, the air in the tank exhausts through conduit 18 andport 25 until the rotor is stopped by the shoes, and the handle isreturned to neutral position. The operation of handle 24 may beautomatically controlled by a fluid motor (not shown) actuated by thevariation in line pressure caused by a break in the line, and theclockwise rotation of the rotor will act to close the pipe line valve.Obviously, moving the handle 24 in the opposite direction to actuatepoppet valve 23 would cause counterclockwise rotation of the rotor 11.

By having the motor filled with oil which circulates to and from thetanks 17 and 17', gas pressure in the line can be applied to the oil toturn the rotor, and oil is easily regulated by orifice sizes or chokevalves to prevent shock loads on the operator. Moreover, the tanks allowfor expansion and contraction of the oil in the motor due to temperaturechanges.

The connections between the conduits 16 and 16' and the conduits 17a and17b to tanks 17 and 17' is provided by a novel multi-way control valverepresented sche' matically at 27 by a cylinder having two curved portsin each end and two longitudinal ports in its sides. As shown in Fig. l,the side ports connect conduit 16 with tank 17 and conduit 16 with tank17.

The hand pump 28 is preferably a single-acting piston pump, and has apressure conduit 29 connected to one end of the control valve 27 andcontaining a one'direction check valve 30, and a suction conduit 31connected to the other end of the control valve and containing aone-direction check valve 32. In the position of valve 27 shown in Fig.1, with the handle indicators 33 pointing straight up, the conduits tothe pump are both blocked off and the tanks 17 and 17 are connecteddirectly to the motor for power operation as previously described.

When it is desired to operate the motor manually to turn the rotor in aclockwise direction, the control valve 27 is turned 45 to the right, asshown in Fig. 2. The upper end of valve 27 then connectsthe pressureconduit 29 of the hand pump with conduit 16' to the motor, and suctionconduit 31 with the bottom of tank 17. Also, conduit 16 is connected bythe valve to the bottom of tank 17. Thus on each downstroke of thepiston oil is forced into the motorlt) through conduit 16 to turn therotor clockwise, and oil is exhausted from the motor through conduit 16into tank 17. On each upstroke, oil is sucked into the pump throughconduit 31 from tank 17' to replace the oil forced out of the pump bythe preceding downstroke. Thus, the pressure and suction conduits of thepump are connected in fluid circuit with the tanks and the pressure andexhaust connections of the motor.

To reverse the direction of rotation of the rotor by the hand pump, thecontrol valve 27 is turned 45 to the left of its Fig. 1 position to theposition shown in Fig. 3. In this position the upper end of valve 27connects the pressure conduit 29 of the pump with conduit 16 to themotor, and suction conduit 31 with the bottom of tank 17. Conduit 16' isconnected by valve 27 to the bottom of tank 17'. Thus on each downstrokeof the piston, oil is forced into the motor through conduit 16 to turnthe rotor counterclockwise. and oil is exhausted from the motor throughconduits 16' into tank 17. On each upstroke, oil is sucked into the pumpfrom tank 17.

Because the flow of oil through the motor is always from one tank intothe other, regardless of whether the operation is performed by powersupplied from the pressure source control or by the hand pump 28, theoil in the motor on opposite sides of the vanes is always in balance andno air gets into the motor. Otherwise, as in certain prior arrangements,if during the hand operation the oil flows in a closed circuit betweenthe pump and motor, by-passing the tanks, on a return to power operationusing the tanks the pressure fluid might be applied to the empty tankinstead of the one full of oil, and the oil would be exhausted out ofthe full tank and replaced by air which would ultimately enter the motorand interfere with its proper operation.

The novel multi-way valve 27 provides for quickly and easily changingover from power to manual opera tion or vice versa by merely throwingone valve, so that there is no chance of loss of time or confusionresulting from the necessity of operating several divertor valves toparticular positions. This simplified operation is very important in thecase of an emergency, such as a line break.

As shown in Figs. 47, the novel multi-way Valve 27 and the hand pump 28are preferably embodied in a single unit. The upper part of the unitcomprises the pump 28 and the lower part comprises the valve 27. Thepump 28 is preferably a single-acting piston pump having a piston 37reciprocable in a cylindrical housing 38 which is secured at its upperend to a head plate 39 and at its lower end to a valve body 40. The unitmay be mounted on the hydraulic motor by bolting the flange 41 on thehead plate to the motor casing. The valve housing may also be suitablysecured to the motor casing if desired.

The piston 37 has a central sealing ring 42 and end wiper rings 43 ofsuitable construction, and the head plate 39 is likewise provided withsuitable sealing rings 44 around the piston rod 45. The upper end ofpiston rod 45 is preferably pivotally connected at 46 to cars 47depending from a handle lever 48 pivoted at one end to a link 49 whichis pivotally connected to projecting ears 50 on the head plate. Thelower end of the rod may be secured to the piston by a lock nut 51.

The lower end of the pump cylinder 38 communicates with two verticalpassageways 52 and 53 in the valve body 40 communicating with the top ofthe valve chamber, the passageway 52 being the pressure conduit from thepump cylinder corresponding to conduit 29 in Fig. l, and the passageway53 being the suction or return conduit to the pump corresponding toconduit 31 in Fig. l. Passageway 52 has the ball check valve 30 thereinfor permitting pressure flow from the pump and preventing return flow tothe pump, and passageway 53 has the ball check valve 32 therein forpermitting return flow and preventing outward flow from the pump. Twovertical passageways 52' and 53, aligned with passageways 52 and 53,communicate with the bottom of the valve chamber, and are connected witheach other by the transverse passageway 56.

Preferably, the valve 36 comprises a cylindrical valve plug 57 rotatablymounted in the valve chamber of body 40. The plug has two pairs ofsegmental shaped slots 62, 63 and 62', 63 diametrically opposite eachother in the sides of the plug, and when the plug is in position in thebody, the slots 62 and 62 are vertically aligned with ports 52 and 52',and slots 63 and 63 are vertically aligned with ports 53 and 53.

Between the ports 52, 53 and 52, 53, and in diamet rically oppositesides of the valve body are two pairs of ports 52a, 53a and 52b, 53bwhich extend through the valve body and which lie in the same verticalplanes as the ports 52 and 53 and the ports 52' and 53, respectively.Between the two pairs of segmental slots 62, 63 and 62', 63', twodiametrically opposite longitudinal slots 64 and 65 are formed in thevalve body, and these slots are adapted respectively to connect ports52a and 53a together, and ports 52b and 53b together, when the valveplug is rotated to the proper position.

The valve plug 57 is provided near the open end of the valve chamberwith a groove 58 in which a sealing 0- ring is located, and the frontend 59 of the plug is reduced in diameter to form an annular shoulder 60which is abutted by a snap ring 61 engaged in a groove in the body tohold the plug in place. On the reduced front end is mounted a handlelever 65 having a knob 66 at its upper end. The handle is secured to theplug by a screw stud 67 and washer 68, and handle lever 65 correspondsto the elements 33 in the schematic views Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

The handle is secured on the plug in such relative posi tion that whenthe knob portion extends vertically upward from the plug, correspondingto the position of Fig. l, the longitudinal slots 64 and 65 are inregister with the ports 52a and 53a and 52b and 53b. Stop pins 70 areprovided in the valve body to limit rotation of handle 65 to 45 to theright of vertical, as in Fig. 4, or 45 to the left of vertical.

In the vertical position of the valve handle the valve 27 conducts fluidfrom the tanks 17 and 17 to and from the motor 10, as shown in Fig. l,lay-passing the hand pump. In this position, fluid from tank 17 isforced through conduit 17b to port 53a (Fig. 6), and thence through slot64, port 52a and conduit 16' to the motor. Fluid exhausts from the motorthrough conduit 16 to port 52!), and thence through slot 65, port 531)and conduit 17a to tank 17.

When the valve handle 65 (33) is rotated 45 to the right, as in Figs. 2,4 and 5, slot 62 of the valve connects port 52a with port 52, thusconnecting conduit 16 to the pressure line of the pump, so that on thedownstroke of the piston fluid will be forced into the motor underpressure to rotate the rotor clockwise. Fluid exhausting from the motorflows through conduit 16 to port 5212 which is connected by slot 62 toport 52', and flows through passageway 56, port 53 and slot 63 toconduit 17a and thence to tank 17. On the upstroke of the piston, oil issucked from tank 17' through conduit 17b, port 53a, slot 63 and port 53into the pump chamber for being forced out through port 52 on the nextdownstroke.

When the valve handle 33 is rotated 45 to the left, as in Fig. 3, slot62 of the valve connects port 52b with port 52, thus connecting conduit16 to the pressure line of the pump, so that on the downstroke of thepiston fluid will be forced into the motor to rotate the rotorcounterclockwise. Fluid exhausting from the motor flows through conduit16 to port 52:; which is connected by slot 62' to port 52 and flowsthrough passageway 56, port 53' and slot 63' to conduit 17b and thenceto tank 17'. On the upstroke of the piston, oil is sucked from tank 17through conduit 17a, port 531), slot 63 and port 53 into the pumpchamber for being forced out through port 52 on the next downstroke.

The novel hand pump and valve unit provides a simple and compactarrangement for quickly and easily changing the operation of thehydraulic motor from pressure power to hand power, or from hand power topressure power, by actuation of a single multi-way control valve. Ineither case, the power is transmitted to the hydraulic motor through aliquid reservoir system so that the liquid in the motor never becomesunbalanced due to interchange between pressure power and hand poweroperation. Moreover, in all positions of the control valve, theexpansion and contraction of the oil in the motor is taken care of inthe tanks which are always connected to the motor.

What is claimed is:

1. A combination hand pump and power fluid control system for operatinga hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections, fluid tankshaving conduits for connection with said pressure and exhaustconnections, the motor and one of said tanks being substantially filledwith liquid, control means for selectively connecting one of said tankswith a source of fluid pressure power and the other tank with exhaust, asingle-acting piston pump having pressure and suction connections, and asingle multi-way valve having a neutral position selectively connectingsaid fluid tank conduits directly with the pressure and exhaustconnections of said motor and having two operating positions connectingsaid conduits in circuit with the motor and said pressure and suctionconnections of said piston pump to operate the motor in opposite '6directions, for-selective power and hand operation of; said motor byforcing liquid from the full tank into the motor and from the motor intothe other tank.

2. A combination hand pump and power fluid control system for operatinga hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections, fluid tankshaving bottom conduits for connection with said pressure and exhaustconnections, the motor and one of said tanks being substantially filledwith liquid, control means for selectively connecting the top of one ofsaid tanks with a source of fluid pressure power and the top of theother tank with exhaust, a single-acting piston pump having pres sureand suction connections, and a single multi-way valve having a neutralposition selectively connecting said fluid tank conduits directly withthe pressure and exhaust connections of said motor and having twooperating positions connecting the piston pump in circuit between one orthe other of the fluid tank conduits and the pressure connection of themotor, and the remaining fluid tank conduit to the exhaust connection ofthe motor.

3. A multi-way valve and piston pump unit for controlling the operationof a hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections, includinga cylinder, a single-acting piston reciprocable in said cylinder, avalve body connected to one end of said cylinder and having a chamber, avalve rotatable in said chamber, said valve body having pressure andsuction ducts connecting said cylinder and chamber and two pairs ofpressure and exhaust ports for selectively connecting a source of fluidwith the pressure and exhaust connections of said motor, said valvehaving passageways of selectively connecting said pressure and exhaustports with said pressure and suction ducts to operate the motor inopposite directions, and said valve having passageway-s for selectivelycon necting said pressure and exhaust ports in series to bypass the pumpconnections in a neutral position of the valve.

4. A multi-way valve and piston pump unit for controlling the operationof a hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections, includinga cylinder, a single-acting piston reciprocable in said cylinder, avalve body connected to one end of said cylinder and having a chamber, avalve rotatable in said chamber, said valve body having pressure andsuction ducts connecting said cylinder and chamber and two pairs oflaterally opposite pressure and exhaust ports for selectively connectinga source of fluid with the pressure and exhaust connection-s of saidmotor to operate the motor in opposite directions, said valve havingtransverse passageways for selectively connecting two of said ports withthe pressure and suction ducts and transverse passageways communicatingwith the other two ports, a longitudinal passageway in said bodysimultaneously connecting the latter two transverse passageways witheach other, and said valve having longitudinal passageways forselectively connecting the two pressure ports together and the twoexhaust ports together to by-pass the pump connections in a neutralposition of the valve.

5. A multi-way valve and piston pump unit for controlling the operationof a hydraulic motor, including a single-acting piston pump having ahousing, a valve body attached to said housing and having a chamber,pressure and suction ducts connecting the chamber to said pump, saidvalve body having two pairs of laterally opposite pressure and exhaustports for conducting fluid to and from the motor, a valve rotatable insaid chamber and having transverse passageways for selectivelyconnecting two of said ports in series with said pressure and suctionducts and transverse passageways communicating with the other two portsto operate the motor in opposite directions, a passageway in said valvebody simultaneously connecting the latter two transverse passagewaystogether, and said valve having longitudinal slots for selectivelyconnecting the two pressure ports with each other and the two exhaustports together to by-pass the pump con- 7, nections for operating themotor by power pressure when the valve is in *neutral position.

6. A multi-way valve and piston pump unit for controlling the operationof a hydraulic motor having pressure and exhaust connections and fluidtanks having conduits connected with said pressure and exhaustconnections, including a single-acting piston pump having a housing, avalve body attached to said housing and having a chamber, pressure andsuction ducts connecting said chamber to said pump, said valve bodyhaving two pairs of laterally opposite pressure and exhaust ports forselective connection in circuit with the tanks and motor, a valverotatable in said chamber and having transverse passageways forselectively connecting two of said ports in series with said pressureand suction ducts and transverse passageways communicating with theother two ports to operate the motor in opposite directions, a passageway in said valve body simultaneously connecting the latter twotransverse passageways together, and said valve having longitudinalpassageways for selectively connecting the two pressure ports with eachother and the two exhaust ports together to by-pass the pump connectionsfor operating the motor by power pressure when the valve is in neutralposition.

7. A combination hand pump and power fiuid control system for operatinga hydraulic motor having pres sure and exhaust connections, fluid tankshaving conduits for connection with said pressure and exhaustconnections, the motor and one of said tanks being substantially filledwith liquid, control means for selectively connecting one of said tankswith a source of fluid pressure power and the other tank with exhaust, ahand pump, and a single multi-way valve having a neutral positionselectively connecting said fluid tank conduits directly with thepressure and exhaust connections of said motor and having two operatingpositions connecting said conduits in circuit with the motor and handpump to operate the motor in opposite directions, for selective powerand hand operation of said motor by forcing liquid from the full tankinto the motor and from the motor into the other tank.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,616,841 Beebe Feb. 8, 1927 1,619,003 Steere Mar. 1, 1927 1,680,834Wood Aug. 14, 1928 2,145,540 Ellis Jan' 31, 1939

